RECURSOS HUMANOS NA ERA DA QUARTA REVOLUÇÃO INDUSTRIAL: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA SOBRE COMPETÊNCIAS PARA A INDÚSTRIA 4.0
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Vivemos atualmente na era da digitalização e transformação das tecnologias de apoio à produção, resultantes da introdução de tecnologias digitais disruptivas, impactando a organização industrial e a eficiência dos seus processos. A designada Quarta Revolução Industrial, ou Indústria 4.0, é caracterizada por uma fusão de tecnologias, confundindo os limites entre o físico, o digital e o biológico, mudando a natureza de muitos empregos e criando outros até aqui inexistentes. O papel crescente das tecnologias ligadas à Indústria 4.0 cria oportunidades, com o surgimento de novas ferramentas e modos de trabalho criadoras de um novo conjunto de especializações, bem como ameaças, com a possibilidade de substituição de certas profissões por máquinas e software. Será assim importante especificar quais as competências fundamentais à força de trabalho, mas também como avaliar a capacidade dos recursos humanos para a aquisição dessas novas competências digitais. Este trabalho pretende apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre este tema, com especial incidência sobre quais as competências para a Indústria 4.0 e que processos através dos quais a força de trabalho se pode preparar para esta nova realidade. Dos resultados preliminares aqui apresentados, destaca-se a importância atribuída a capacidades não técnicas, bem como algumas oportunidades de pesquisa futuras.
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